porphyry gold systems
Gold can be removed from porphyry copper systems by vapors that separate at high temperatures or by lowertemperature hydrothermal solutions that alter the deposit as it cools Whether gold remains in porphyry copper systems or is removed from them is important both to their economic attractiveness and to the overall distribution of gold in the upper crustReconstruction of the porphyry systems suggests that goldbearing quartz stockworks were generated 600 to 1,000 m beneath paleosurfacesGoldrich porphyry mineralization in the Maricunga belt is closely comparable to that in the Philippines because of the association with dioritic to quartz dioritic porphyry stocks intruded into andesiticGoldrich porphyry systems in the Maricunga Belt,
Porphyry and epithermalstyle mineral deposits together account for approximately 28% of global gold endowment (basedonpastproduction,reservesandresources),making them collectively of comparable importance to orogenic and paleoplacer deposits as a source of goldSillitoe (2017) has introduced a concept of two types of porphyry gold deposits The porphyry gold systems in the Maricunga and Javorie belts are characterized by a network of commonly banded quartzmagnetite veinlets hosted by small subvolcanic intrusions ofDistribution and composition of gold in porphyry gold
continuum of porphyry systems from CuAu, through AuCu, to the Aurich and Cupoor counterpart (Sillitoe, 1979; Sillitoe, 2000; Seedorff et al, 2005) Porphyry gold systems are not a very common type of gold deposit Deposits assigned to this group include a few porphyries inReduced fluids in porphyry coppergold systems reflect the occurrence of the wallrock thermogenic process: An example from the No1 deposit in the Xiongcun district, Tibet, China Reduced fluids in porphyry coppergold systems
In the porphyryepithermal mineral system, pathways for fluids and their contained metals, ligands and sulfur include faults, stratigraphic aquifers and crystallising intrusive bodies Crystallising intrusions are particularly important pathways for highPorphyry copper–gold deposits are large volume, lowgrade disseminations formed by precipitation of copper and gold (plus molybdenum) from fluids of magmatic origin 1Gold endowments of porphyry deposits controlled by
Many quality SW Pacific rim porphyry CuAu occurrences develop in the upper portions of spinelike polyphasal intrusion systems which cap deeper magmatic source rocks Here, repeated intrusion emplacement provides multiple events of mineralisation while postmineral intrusions may also stope out earlier mineralisation Volatiles and metals derived from the major magmatic source at depth are interpreted to concentrate at the cooler apophysis to the elongate stocks and extend into the adjacent wall rocks where further mineral deposition occurs Most CuAu mineralisation occurs within stock work quartz veins and breccias (El Teniente, Chile) while local disseminations may be more concentrated at intrusion apophyses than at deeper levels Intact intrusion apophyses and the immediately adjacent wall rocks represent the most favoured portion of the porphyryPorphyry Cu systems host some of the most widely distributed mineralization types at convergent plate boundaries, including porphyry deposits centered on intrusions; skarn, carbonatereplacement, and sedimenthosted Au deposits in increasingly peripheral locations; and superjacent high and intermediatesulfidation epithermal depositsPorphyry Copper Systems1 | Economic Geology |
PORPHYRYRELATLD LOW SULFIDATION GOLD SYSTEMS 195 Society of Eco~iom~c Geologists Special Publication No 6, 1998, pp 137200 As a continuum of deposit styles, there is a spatial and temporal relationship between epithermal quartz gold silver and carbonatebase metal gold systems This is interPorphyryand epithermalstyle mineral deposits together account for approximately 28% of global gold endowment (based on past production, reserves and resources), making them collectively of comparable importance to orogenic and paleoplacer deposits as a source of gold on the world stage (Lipson, 2014) Similarly in British Columbia (BC), 315% of gold produced has originated from porphyry and Evolution of PorphyryEpithermal Gold Systems
Although the Colosa porphyry shows similarities with the rest of the porphyry gold systems in the world, it also exhibits certain differences (Table 1) Colosa has a late Miocene age (83 Ma), compared with the early (2423 Ma) and midMiocene (1479Porphyry systems are a major source of copper and molybdenum, and also a significant source of gold and some critical metals essential to our society They are formed at convergent margins in syn and postsubduction settings in genetic association with magmatic rocks and host a variety of economic ore deposits – porphyry, skarn and epithermal mineralizationPorphyry Systems: MagmaticHydrothermal Processes
Mineralogical, fluid inclusion, and geochemical studies of precious metal mineralization within the Baimka trend in the western Chukchi Peninsula have been preformed Porphyry copper–molybdenum–gold deposits and prospects of the Baimka trend are spatially related to monzonitic rocks of the Early Cretaceous Egdygkych Complex Four types of precious metalbearingAs discussed in detail by ref 28, in shallow porphyry systems (<~3 km) gold and copper solubility decreases rapidly in an expanding Srich vapour, which carries both metals The result isGold endowments of porphyry deposits controlled by
Godolphin Resources says it has discovered a new coppergold porphyrystyle mineralised system at its Copper Hill East project 35km north of Orange, NSW, in the revered Lachlan Fold Belt following an initial round of deep RC drilling The most notable intercept from the recent RC holes was 32m at 029 g/t goldsystems have allowed us to apply time to porphyry systems and better understand their staged evolution as well as the evolved hydrothermal fluids which participate in low sulphidation epithermal vein formation (figure 3) Porphyry AuCuMo Although porphyry AuCuMo deposits display considerable variation, some broad generalisations are possibleAnatomy of PorphyryRelated Mineralised AuCuAgMo
Porphyry Cu systems are initiated by injection of oxidized magma saturated with S and metalrich, aqueous fluids from cupolas on the tops of the subjacent parental plutons The sequence of alterationmineralization events charted above is principally a consequence of progressive rock and fluid cooling, from >700° to <250°C,PORPHYRY MODEL Porphyry Cu Systems Granitic cupola at 310 km depth Hydrothermal alteration & ores at 1 to >6 km depth Central high sulfide & metals Increasing low pH, high fS2 alteration upward in system Transition from deep Ppy Cu to shallow epithermal environm’t Role of nonmagmatic fluids traditionally restricted to dilute groundwater (meteoric)Porphyry Deposits: General characteristics and
PORPHYRYRELATLD LOW SULFIDATION GOLD SYSTEMS 195 Society of Eco~iom~c Geologists Special Publication No 6, 1998, pp 137200 As a continuum of deposit styles, there is a spatial and temporal relationship between epithermal quartz gold silver and carbonatebase metal gold systems This is interAlthough the Colosa porphyry shows similarities with the rest of the porphyry gold systems in the world, it also exhibits certain differences (Table 1) Colosa has a late Miocene age (83 Ma), compared with the early (2423 Ma) and midMiocene (1413IGNEOUS PETROLOGY OF THE COLOSA GOLDRICH
Porphyry systems are a major source of copper and molybdenum, and also a significant source of gold and some critical metals essential to our society They are formed at convergent margins in syn and postsubduction settings in genetic association with magmatic rocks and host a variety of economic ore deposits – porphyry, skarn and epithermal mineralizationAs discussed in detail by ref 28, in shallow porphyry systems (<~3 km) gold and copper solubility decreases rapidly in an expanding Srich vapour, which carries both metals The result isGold endowments of porphyry deposits controlled by
The porphyry has an estimated resource of 112 Mt ore @ 083% Sn and 014% W, and 10 Mt @5% Zn, 12% Cu, 75 ppm Ag The Chaihulanzi goldfield is located ~40 km west of Chifeng City It is one of three major gold deposits (HonghuagouGodolphin Resources says it has discovered a new coppergold porphyrystyle mineralised system at its Copper Hill East project 35km north of Orange, NSW, in the revered Lachlan Fold Belt following an initial round of deep RC drilling The most notable intercept from the recent RC holes was 32m at 029 g/t goldGodolphin discovers goldcopper porphyry system in
Nak and Dorothy intrusive systems are outlined The Nak porphyry shows a direct magnetic high with dimensions similar to the mapped porphyry system As well, the Nak outline overlaps with a discrete 30 Hz InPhase TPR low The Dorothy intrusive lies on the flank of the elongate magnetic high A discrete 30 Hz InPhase TPR low is noted just west ofsystems have allowed us to apply time to porphyry systems and better understand their staged evolution as well as the evolved hydrothermal fluids which participate in low sulphidation epithermal vein formation (figure 3) Porphyry AuCuMo Although porphyry AuCuMo deposits display considerable variation, some broad generalisations are possibleAnatomy of PorphyryRelated Mineralised AuCuAgMo
DESCRIPTIVE MODEL OF Porphyry Au MODEL NUMBER 20d BY James J Rytuba and Dennis P Cox BRIEF DESCRIPTION DEPOSIT TYPE: Porphyry Au OTHER NAMES FOR SAME TYPE: Stockwork Au, Lihir Island Au DATE OF COMPILATION: JANUARY 1991 PRINCIPAL COMMODITY: Au RELATIVE IMPORTANCE: A newly recognized type of deposit containing large tonnages of lowgrade goldGeophysical Signatures of CopperGold Porphyry and Epithermal Gold Deposits, and Implications for Exploration is a paperback measuring 21 × 25 cm, and its 46 pages contain a good balance of text and diagrams It has the look and feel of a practitioners hand book rather than a scholarly treatise The writing is clear andGeophysical Signatures of CopperGold Porphyry and
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